:root {
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --ink: #0a0a0a;
  --ink-muted: #5a5a5a;
  --ink-soft: #8a8a8a;
  --rule: #0a0a0a;
  --rule-soft: rgba(10, 10, 10, 0.12);
  --surface-alt: #f4f4f4;

  --container: 1280px;
  --gutter: 24px;
  --gutter-lg: 64px;

  --t-fast: 200ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
  --t-med: 400ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
  --t-slow: 600ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);

  --font-sans: "DM Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-arabic: "IBM Plex Sans Arabic", system-ui, "Segoe UI", Tahoma, sans-serif;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-optical-sizing: auto;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}

html[lang="ar"] body {
  font-family: var(--font-arabic);
  letter-spacing: 0;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

p { margin: 0; text-wrap: pretty; }
ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: opacity var(--t-fast);
}
a:hover { opacity: 0.6; }
a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--ink);
  outline-offset: 4px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

img, svg { display: block; max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

::selection { background: var(--ink); color: var(--bg); }

/* ============ Layout ============ */

.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--container);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .container { padding-inline: var(--gutter-lg); }
}

main { display: block; }

section {
  padding-block: clamp(64px, 12vw, 160px);
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

section:first-of-type { border-block-start: 0; }

.section-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-block-end: clamp(40px, 6vw, 80px);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .section-head {
    grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
    gap: 48px;
    align-items: baseline;
  }
}

.section-eyebrow {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

.section-title {
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

/* ============ Header ============ */

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  background: var(--bg);
  border-block-end: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.site-header__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  padding-block: 18px;
}

.brand {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 18px;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.nav {
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 32px;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .nav { display: flex; }
}

.nav a {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

.nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); opacity: 1; }

.lang-switch {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.lang-switch a,
.lang-switch span {
  padding: 6px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  min-block-size: 36px;
  min-inline-size: 36px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.lang-switch [aria-current="page"] {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
}

/* ============ Hero ============ */

.hero {
  padding-block: clamp(80px, 14vw, 200px) clamp(64px, 10vw, 140px);
  border-block-start: 0;
}

.hero__eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-block-end: 32px;
}

.hero__eyebrow::before {
  content: "";
  inline-size: 8px;
  block-size: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--ink);
  animation: pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

html[lang="ar"] .hero__eyebrow { letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; }

@keyframes pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
  50% { opacity: 0.4; transform: scale(0.7); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .hero__eyebrow::before { animation: none; }
}

.hero__title {
  font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 10vw, 9rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 0.95;
  margin-block-end: clamp(24px, 4vw, 40px);
  perspective: 800px;
}

.hero__title .line { display: block; }

.hero__title .char {
  display: inline-block;
  white-space: pre;
  transform-origin: 50% 100%;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .js-anim .hero__title .char {
    opacity: 0;
    filter: blur(14px);
    transform: translateY(0.45em) rotateX(45deg);
    animation: charRoll 900ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1) forwards;
    animation-delay: calc(var(--i, 0) * 32ms + 100ms);
  }
}

@keyframes charRoll {
  0% {
    opacity: 0;
    filter: blur(14px);
    transform: translateY(0.45em) rotateX(45deg);
  }
  60% { opacity: 1; }
  100% {
    opacity: 1;
    filter: blur(0);
    transform: translateY(0) rotateX(0);
  }
}

.hero__lede {
  max-inline-size: 56ch;
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.6vw, 1.35rem);
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-block-end: clamp(32px, 5vw, 56px);
}

.hero__ctas {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.btn {
  --pad-y: 18px;
  --pad-x: 28px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: var(--pad-y) var(--pad-x);
  min-block-size: 56px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 15px;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--t-fast), color var(--t-fast), transform var(--t-fast);
}

.btn:hover {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
  opacity: 1;
}

.btn--primary {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
}

.btn--primary:hover {
  background: var(--bg);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.btn__arrow {
  inline-size: 18px;
  block-size: 18px;
  transition: transform var(--t-fast);
}

.btn:hover .btn__arrow { transform: translateX(4px); }
html[dir="rtl"] .btn:hover .btn__arrow { transform: translateX(-4px) scaleX(-1); }
html[dir="rtl"] .btn__arrow { transform: scaleX(-1); }

.hero__meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px 40px;
  margin-block-start: clamp(56px, 8vw, 88px);
  padding-block-start: 40px;
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

.hero__meta dt {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  margin-block-end: 6px;
}

.hero__meta dd { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }

html[lang="ar"] .hero__meta dt { letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; }

/* ============ About ============ */

.about__lede {
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 1.875rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  line-height: 1.35;
  max-inline-size: 32ch;
}

.about__grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: clamp(32px, 5vw, 56px);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .about__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
    gap: 48px;
  }
}

/* ============ Experience timeline ============ */

.timeline {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
}

.timeline__item {
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  padding-block: clamp(28px, 4vw, 48px);
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.timeline__item:last-child { border-block-end: 1px solid var(--rule); }

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .timeline__item {
    grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
    gap: 48px;
    align-items: start;
  }
}

.timeline__date {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  unicode-bidi: isolate;
}

.timeline__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 1.875rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin-block-end: 4px;
}

.timeline__org {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-block-end: 20px;
}

.timeline__list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 15.5px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.timeline__list li {
  padding-inline-start: 20px;
  position: relative;
}

.timeline__list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset-inline-start: 0;
  top: 0.7em;
  inline-size: 8px;
  block-size: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
}

/* ============ Skills ============ */

.skills__grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.skills__row {
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  padding-block: 28px;
  border-block-end: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .skills__row {
    grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
    gap: 48px;
    align-items: baseline;
  }
}

.skills__label {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

.skills__items {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
}

.skills__items li {
  padding: 8px 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  background: var(--bg);
  unicode-bidi: plaintext;
}

/* ============ Contact ============ */

.contact__list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.contact__row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: center;
  padding-block: clamp(20px, 3vw, 32px);
  border-block-end: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-size: clamp(1.125rem, 2.2vw, 1.75rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  transition: padding var(--t-fast);
}

.contact__row:hover { padding-inline-start: 12px; }
html[dir="rtl"] .contact__row:hover { padding-inline-start: 0; padding-inline-end: 12px; }

.contact__label {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
  margin-inline-end: 24px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

html[lang="ar"] .contact__label { letter-spacing: 0; text-transform: none; }

.contact__value { color: var(--ink); unicode-bidi: plaintext; }

.contact__arrow {
  inline-size: 22px;
  block-size: 22px;
  transition: transform var(--t-fast);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.contact__row:hover .contact__arrow { transform: translate(4px, -4px); }
html[dir="rtl"] .contact__arrow { transform: scaleX(-1); }
html[dir="rtl"] .contact__row:hover .contact__arrow { transform: scaleX(-1) translate(4px, -4px); }

/* ============ Footer ============ */

.site-footer {
  border-block-start: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-block: 40px;
}

.site-footer__inner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 16px 32px;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-muted);
}

.site-footer__inner p { margin: 0; }

/* ============ Scroll reveal ============ */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  .js-anim .reveal {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(28px);
    transition: opacity 700ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1), transform 700ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
    transition-delay: calc(var(--i, 0) * 60ms);
  }

  .js-anim .reveal.is-visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }
}

/* ============ Language suggestion banner ============ */

.lang-banner {
  position: fixed;
  inset-inline: 16px;
  inset-block-end: 16px;
  z-index: 60;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 16px 20px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-size: 14px;
  max-inline-size: 480px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.lang-banner.is-open { display: flex; }

.lang-banner a {
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.lang-banner button {
  margin-inline-start: auto;
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  color: var(--bg);
  padding: 8px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1;
}

/* ============ Accessibility ============ */

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  inset-block-start: -100px;
  inset-inline-start: 16px;
  padding: 12px 20px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--bg);
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-weight: 500;
  z-index: 100;
  transition: top var(--t-fast);
}

.skip-link:focus { inset-block-start: 16px; }